About 2,800 projectiles were fired every day in Khartoum during the three-month s
tudy period, polluting the environment with lead particles, which researchers warn will enter the water and pollute the air.
In the Northern Province,
where hundreds of thousands of people have taken refuge, researchers are recording
a sudden increase in deforestation as displaced people turn to charcoal or firewood to replace cooking gas, which is hard to find or buy.
The sudden mass migration across the country has strained local water, sanitation
and hygiene systems. In White Nile State, researchers found that poor sanitation
and the accumulation of solid waste have put the water system at serious risk.
That has created an inhospitable atmosphere for mosquitoes, rats and flies, leading to the spread of diseases such as dengue and malaria, the study found.
The study also identified
many ongoing trends that will continue to harm the environment, Hassan Mahmoud noted: along with the increase in
insect and animal diseases, researchers documented the increase in wild dogs and changes
in their behavior – and shifts. on the population and migratory patterns of birds. As people
moved around, researchers also documented changes in economic activities with
environmental impacts, such as mining and brickmaking.All these situations point
to the urgent need for con updated 2024 mobile phone number library tinuous research and monitoring to inform mitigation efforts and recovery guidelines, said Hassan Mahmoud.
Gaza
After more than a year of war in Gaza, almost 5 big SEO mistakes to avoid in 2024 everyone has been displaced, many more than once, according to the UN . As of November 2024, at least 43,000 people have been killed – a much lower figure, with thousands more missing or buried under rubble, the UN reports.
Among those expelled are many scientists from Gaza, who told ISC about their struggle to survive , the pain of losing family and colleagues and watching the destruction of universities and their labs .
Gaza has experienced an “unprecedented scale of destruction”, according to a first line data report from UNEP, which concluded that the war had a major impact on the environment.
“The real impact of this over time,
Whether it is reversible or not, is a big question,” explains Mazin Qumsiyeh, cytogenetics expert and director of the Palestine Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainability at Bethlehem University.
Before the war, Gaza’s environment was already affected by the significant pollution of soil,
water and air, and the ongoing shortage of clean drinking water. Years of work to solve those
problems were showing some results, but that progress – “hard-won and expensive, due to political and security issues”, according to UNEP – has now been reversed.
Conflicts are likely to have a staggering and diverse range of short-term and long-term environmental consequences, UNEP reports .
By August 2024,
The 365-square-kilometer Gaza Strip was covered with approximately 42 million tons
of debris, including unexploded ordnance, human remains and hazardous materials such as asbestos, according to UNOSAT .
As of August,
75% of crops in northern Gaza and 68% of crops in Gaza have been damaged,
according to the report. test from the United Nations Satellite Center (UNOSAT).
According to UNEP, it is “highly probable” that the bombing has contaminated
the soil with heavy metals and chemicals from explosives and other weapons.
With the
destruction of waste and sewage infrastructure, the environment is becoming
more polluted by the day. The destruction of this infrastructure has had a “great impact
on the environment and people”, according to UNEP , noting the dramatic increase in infectious diseases reported by the World Health Organization .
Chemical pollution from destroyed buildings and infrastructure, fuel leaks and toxic residues from explosives will linger in Gaza for years, UNEP reports .